Application Progress on Transmission Electron Microscopy in the Research of Rare Earth Deposits

XU Yitong; SONG Wenlei; DAI Jingjing; XUE Shanna; CHEN Qian; YANG Jinkun; XU Danni

doi:10.15898/j.ykcs.202402260020

Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2024 > 43(4): 641-658. > DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202402260020

XU Yitong，SONG Wenlei，DAI Jingjing，et al. Application Progress on Transmission Electron Microscopy in the Research of Rare Earth Deposits[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis，2024，43（4）：641−658. DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202402260020

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Application Progress on Transmission Electron Microscopy in the Research of Rare Earth Deposits

State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China

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Received Date: February 25, 2024
Revised Date: May 19, 2024
Accepted Date: June 20, 2024

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), having a remarkably high spatial resolution and diversified analysis capability, can be used to obtain very comprehensive composition, structure, and crystal chemistry of the samples under submicron-nanometer scale and is a powerful tool for studying the microscopic components and structure of geological samples. It has been applied increasingly in earth science, including mineral deposits. In this paper, TEM is used as an example of studying rare earth deposits. Firstly, we briefly introduce the TEM’s fundamental structure, working principles, function, and sample preparation method. Then, we review the application of TEM in the study of rare earth element (REE) deposits from carbonatite-, pegmatite-, granitoid weathering crust-, and phosphorite- to deep-sea sediment types. The work involves the bastnaesite’s growth mechanism of crystallization of particle attachment, the apatite and zircon’s dissolution, migration, and re-precipitation during hydrothermal metasomatism, the microstructure of primary REEs and the mineral types of weathering products in the granitoid weathering crust deposits, the apatite’s occurrence state and substitution mechanism of trace REEs at the nano to atom scale. Finally, the cautions and application prospects for the TEM in studying geology in the future are summarized.
- transmission electron microscopy,
- rare earth deposit,
- rare earth minerals,
- nano minerals

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References (67)

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