Research Progress on Influencing Factors and Mechanisms of Chromium Valence State Transformation in Soil

CHEN Junru; SHEN Yating; LIU Fei

doi:10.15898/j.ykcs.202401180007

Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2025 > 44(1): 35-50. > DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202401180007

CHEN Junru，SHEN Yating，LIU Fei. Research Progress on Influencing Factors and Mechanisms of Chromium Valence State Transformation in Soil[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis，2025，44（1）：35−50. DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202401180007

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Research Progress on Influencing Factors and Mechanisms of Chromium Valence State Transformation in Soil

CHEN Junru^{1, 2,},
SHEN Yating^{1, 3, ,},
LIU Fei²

1.
National Research Centre for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China
2.
China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Eco-geochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China

More Information

Received Date: January 17, 2024
Revised Date: September 08, 2024
Accepted Date: September 11, 2024
Available Online: October 10, 2024
Published Date: October 10, 2024

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS
(1) Cr(Ⅵ) in soil mainly exists in the form of oxidized ions such as chromate (CrO₄ ²⁻ ), hydrogen chromate (HCrO₄ ⁻ ), and dichromate (Cr₂O₇ ²⁻ ), and is the most toxic Cr valence state in soil.

(2) The valence state of Cr in soil is affected by Eh, organic matter and other factors, which can promote or inhibit the reduction of Cr(Ⅵ).

(3) New remediation technologies such as biochar and nanomaterials can effectively reduce Cr(Ⅵ) to low toxicity Cr(Ⅲ), which is a feasible technical solution for treating Cr(Ⅵ) pollution.

ABSTRACT

Chromium (Cr) pollution in soil is a global environmental problem, and hexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)] has become a focus of attention due to its high toxicity and carcinogenicity. Cr in soil mainly exists in the form of Cr(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅵ), and the transformation between the two is influenced by factors such as soil pH, redox potential (Eh), natural redox agents, organic matter, and microorganisms. This article provides an overview of the global pollution status and sources of Cr in soil, as well as the different valence states and toxicity characteristics of Cr in soil. It also analyzes the redox mechanisms of chromium valence state transformation in soil affected by different factors, as well as the interactions between different factors. In addition, through a deep understanding of the factors affecting the valence state of Cr, advanced remediation techniques represented by biochar and nanomaterials have emerged. These methods can effectively reduce Cr(Ⅵ) to less toxic Cr(Ⅲ), thereby reducing ecological and environmental risks. Therefore, they are a potentially valuable remediation material and technique. However, the feasibility and effectiveness of large-scale applications still need further verification. The BRIEF REPORT is available for this paper at http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/en/article/doi/10.15898/j.ykcs.202401180007.
- chromium pollution,
- chromium valence state,
- natural redox agent,
- organic matter; remediation technology
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Research Progress on Influencing Factors and Mechanisms of Chromium Valence State Transformation in Soil

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