常压密闭微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿石中的锑

郑智慷; 曾江萍; 王家松; 乔赵育; 刘义博; 吴良英; 王力强

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201906110084

常压密闭微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿石中的锑

Determination of Antimony in Antimony Ores by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry with Microwave Digestion

摘要

摘要: 采用王水溶解锑矿石常出现溶矿不彻底、提取过程中锑水解的问题，导致测定结果偏低；虽然原子荧光光谱法广泛应用于锑的测定，但是该方法由于仪器线性范围窄，对于高含量锑（>5%）的测定容易引入较大稀释误差。本文对样品采用氢氟酸-硝酸-盐酸混合酸溶后，在提取过程中加入酒石酸与锑络合，充分抑制了锑的水解。实验结果表明：采用氢氟酸、硝酸、盐酸混合酸体系的溶矿方式，能够有效分解矿石中的硅酸盐组分，使溶解更加彻底，锑的测定结果优于王水溶矿，且检出限更低（1.10μg/g）；通过酒石酸与锑的络合及盐酸对锑水解的抑制，锑的测定结果优于王水介质及盐酸介质的结果，且方法精密度（RSD，n=6）为0.11%~1.11%，较其他介质更稳定。在ICP-OES分析中通过对锑元素分析谱线的优选，可以获得更宽的线性范围，从而实现了对较高含量锑的准确测定。本方法能快速、有效溶解锑矿石并避免锑元素水解，经国家一级标物验证，所得结果与认定值相符，适用于分析锑矿石中含量范围在0.7%~40%的锑。

Abstract:
BACKGROUNDThe dissolution of antimony ore by aqua regia is often incomplete and antimony is easy to hydrolyze in the process of extraction, which leads to inaccurate results. Although atomic fluorescence spectrometry has been widely used in the determination of antimony, it is easy to introduce large dilution error for the determination of high-content antimony (>5%) due to the narrow linear range of the instrument.
OBJECTIVESTo solve the problem of incomplete dissolution of antimony ores and hydrolysis of antimony in the extraction process, and establish a new method with wider linear range for determination of antimony in antimony ores.
METHODSBased on inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), the antimony ore was fully dissolved by hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, and the hydrolysis of antimony was fully inhibited by the complexation of tartaric acid and antimony.
RESULTSThe results showed that the solution of the mixed hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid can effectively decompose the silicate components in antimony ores, which can make antimony ores dissolve more completely. The determination
resultof antimony was better than that of aqua regia, and the detection limit was lower (1.10μg/g). The determination result of antimony obtained by the mixed extraction method of tartaric acid and hydrochloric acid was better than that of aqua regia. The precision of the method was 0.11%-1.11%, which was more stable than that of hydrochloric acid or aqua regia. By using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer, a wider linear range can be obtained by optimizing the spectrum of antimony element analysis, therefore realizing the accurate determination of high-content antimony.
CONCLUSIONSThis method can dissolve antimony ore quickly and effectively, and avoid the hydrolysis of antimony. The method is confirmed by national first grade standard materials, and the result is in agreement with the certified values. This method is suitable for the analysis of 0.7%-40% antimony in antimony ores.

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