Research Progress on the Ecological Risk Status and Analytical Techniques of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

WANG Weijie; WANG Hongtao

doi:10.15898/j.ykcs.202412080252

Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2025 > 44(2): 174-186. > DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202412080252

WANG Weijie，WANG Hongtao. Research Progress on the Ecological Risk Status and Analytical Techniques of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis，2025，44（2）：174−186. DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202412080252

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Research Progress on the Ecological Risk Status and Analytical Techniques of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

WANG Weijie^{1, 2,},
WANG Hongtao^{1, 2, ,}

1.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, China

More Information

Received Date: December 07, 2024
Revised Date: January 20, 2025
Accepted Date: January 20, 2025
Available Online: January 22, 2025
Published Date: January 22, 2025

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS
(1) The concentration and categories of PFASs in groundwater are susceptible to influences from various environmental media such as soil, surface water, and the atmosphere.

(2) Despite being the predominant detection methods for PFASs, LC-MS and GC-MS still exhibit technical limitations in areas such as real-time monitoring.

(3) Emerging methods like machine learning offer promising solutions for analyzing novel PFASs.

ABSTRACT

This article reviews the current state of pollution and analytical techniques for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in various environmental media. PFASs are widely present in soil, water, and the atmosphere, with groundwater pollution being particularly severe. The persistence, mobility, and bioaccumulation of PFASs pose significant challenges for remediation efforts, threatening ecological safety and human health. The complexity of groundwater environments and the diversity of PFASs present challenges for monitoring and remediation. In terms of PFASs detection technologies, significant progress has been made in recent years; the application of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has greatly enhanced the sensitivity, accuracy, and resolution of detections, especially with non-targeted screening techniques that can identify new and unknown PFASs. However, current technologies still have limitations, such as the need for improved sensitivity in detecting ultra-low concentrations of PFASs, and the lack of standardized analytical methods restricts the reliability and comparability of data. Future research is recommended to focus on enhancing the sensitivity of PFASs detection technologies, establishing unified analytical standards, and incorporating tools such as artificial intelligence to assist in analysis, in order to effectively address the environmental and health challenges posed by PFASs pollution.
- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances,
- ecological risk; pollution level,
- groundwater,
- analytical detection technologies

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References (93)

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