Effect of Granularity on the Characteristic Visible-Near Infrared Spectra of Karst-Type Bauxite

GAO Qiyun; ZHOU Li; YI Zebang; CHEN Zhengshan

doi:10.15898/j.ykcs.202308090133

Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2024 > 43(2): 234-246. > DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202308090133

GAO Qiyun，ZHOU Li，YI Zebang，et al. Effect of Granularity on the Characteristic Visible-Near Infrared Spectra of Karst-Type Bauxite[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis，2024，43（2）：234−246. DOI: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202308090133

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Effect of Granularity on the Characteristic Visible-Near Infrared Spectra of Karst-Type Bauxite

GAO Qiyun^{1, 2,},
ZHOU Li¹,
YI Zebang³,
CHEN Zhengshan^1, ,

1.
School of Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
2.
State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
3.
School of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China

More Information

Received Date: August 08, 2023
Revised Date: March 11, 2024
Accepted Date: March 15, 2024
Available Online: April 28, 2024

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS
(1) The reflectivity of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) block samples exceeds 14% in the entire wavelength range, and the highest reflectivity of granular samples exceeds 28%.

(2) As the particle size decreases, the spectral reflectance of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) gradually increases, and its reflective spectral morphology is similar.

(3) Bauxite and bauxite-bearing rock can be distinguished by characteristic spectra of small particle powder samples at wavelengths of 1800nm, 1900nm, 2160nm, and 2200nm.

ABSTRACT

The reflection spectrum of rocks and minerals is an important reference for intelligent perception technology and remote sensing information recognition in intelligent mining. Particle size is one of the important factors affecting the reflection spectral characteristics of rocks and minerals. In order to reveal the reflection spectral characteristics of karst type bauxite with different particle sizes, the influence of particle size on the visible and near-infrared spectra of karst type bauxite is elucidated. In the study, the visible light near-infrared reflectance spectra of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) samples with different particle sizes were measured using the ASD FieldSpec-4 spectrophotometer. Bauxite and bauxite-bearing rock can be distinguished by characteristic spectra of small particle powder samples at wavelengths of 1800nm, 1900nm, 2160nm, and 2200nm. The research results indicate that as the particle size decreases, the spectral reflectance gradually increases. The BRIEF REPORT is available for this paper at http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/en/article/doi/10.15898/j.ykcs.202308090133.
- bauxite,
- bauxite-bearing rock,
- granularity,
- visible-near infrared spectrum,
- reflectance spectral characteristics
BRIEF REPORT
Significance: Aluminum is one of the most widely used metals in the world, and bauxite is the main raw material for producing metallic aluminum^[30-31]. The use of hyperspectral remote sensing for rock and mineral exploration has gradually gained attention and become a key issue in the construction of intelligent mines^[1-2]. Studying the reflection spectral characteristics can quickly identify bauxite, which is beneficial for improving the reliability and precision of mineral information extraction. ASD FieldSpec-4 ground object spectrometer is used to study the visible near-infrared reflection spectral characteristics of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) samples under different particle size conditions. In the analysis results, the spectral differences between bauxite and bauxite-bearing rock are discussed, providing data support for the establishment of bauxite spectrum database and intelligent recognition. The results indicate that there is a significant difference in the reflection spectral characteristics between bauxite and bauxite-bearing rock, which can be distinguished by the reflection spectral characteristics.

Methods: The visible and near-infrared reflectance spectra of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) samples were tested by the ASD FieldSpec-4 portable ground object spectrometer (USA). The samples used were XSB-1, XSB-2, XSB-3, XSB-4, XSB-5, and XSB-6, each with a particle size of 9 levels: 2−3mm, 1−2mm, 0.60−1mm, 0.30−0.60mm, 0.20−0.30mm, 0.08−0.20mm, 0.065−0.08mm, 0.04−0.065mm, <0.04mm. Different particle size powder samples were tested in a dark room. The chemical composition of Al₂O₃, SiO₂, Fe₂O₃, etc. of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) samples was determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF); the mineral composition of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) samples was determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The commonalities and differences in reflectance spectra of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) with different particle sizes were analyzed. Combining the results of major element content and mineral composition, the intrinsic mechanism of bauxite and bauxite-bearing rock was analyzed.

Data and Results: Xiaoshanba bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) exhibits significantly different spectral characteristics due to different mineral compositions, among which the reflection spectral characteristics of bauxite are mainly consistent with those of monohydrate alumina, with obvious trough characteristics at wavelengths of 1400nm and 1800nm, caused by OH vibration bands. The reflection spectral characteristics of bauxite-bearing rocks are mainly consistent with kaolinite, with significant trough characteristics at wavelengths of 1400nm, 1900nm, 2160nm, and 2200nm, respectively, caused by the combination of OH frequency doubling, H₂O vibration band, and Al-O-H bending fundamental harmonic vibration, and exhibit double absorption and absorption peaks in the 2160−2200nm wavelength range. The overall reflectivity of bauxite (bauxite-bearing rock) samples with different particle sizes is relatively high, with the highest reflectivity of block samples exceeding 14% in the entire wavelength band and the highest reflectivity of granular samples exceeding 28%, where the trend of change is basically the same. As the particle size increases from <0.04mm to 3mm, the reflectivity of both bauxite and bauxite-bearing rock gradually decreases, and the overall absorption intensity of bauxite characteristic valleys is relatively stable, while the absorption intensity of bauxite-bearing rock characteristic valleys shows a gradually decreasing trend.

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