The Age and Sedimentary Environment of the Kunyang Phosphate Deposit, Central Yunnan: Constraints from Re-Os Isotopes

Qing-gao YAN; Chao LI; Xiao-jun JIANG; Zhong-qiang WANG; Yun-ju LI; Wei LI

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201805040054

Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2018 > 37(4): 462-474. > DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201805040054

Qing-gao YAN, Chao LI, Xiao-jun JIANG, Zhong-qiang WANG, Yun-ju LI, Wei LI. The Age and Sedimentary Environment of the Kunyang Phosphate Deposit, Central Yunnan: Constraints from Re-Os Isotopes[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2018, 37(4): 462-474. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201805040054

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The Age and Sedimentary Environment of the Kunyang Phosphate Deposit, Central Yunnan: Constraints from Re-Os Isotopes

1.
Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
2.
National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Re-Os Isotope Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
4.
Yunnan Phosphor Corporation LTD., Jinning 650600, China
5.
Changqing Oilfield Branch No.7 Production Plant, Xi'an 710200, China

More Information

Received Date: May 03, 2018
Revised Date: June 05, 2018
Accepted Date: June 10, 2018
Published Date: June 30, 2018

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS
(1) The Re-Os isochron age of black shale in the Early Cambrian Meishucun Formation is 521.9±5.4 Ma, which represents the black shale deposition age of the Kunyang phosphate deposit.

(2) Phosphorite was formed in a shallow and oxidizing water environment, and the overlying black shale was deposited in a deep and reducing water environment. During the Cambrian period, a large amount of terrestrial materials flowed into the ocean, some of which deposited and formed black shale and phophorite in the Kunyang phosphate deposit.

(3) The Re-Os isotope can not only directly date the organic-rich sedimentary rock but also provide an effective technique for sedimentary environment tracing.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUNDThe Kunyang phosphate deposit in central Yunnan is the largest marine sedimentary phosphorite deposit in China. The deposit is hosted in black shale of the Lower Cambrian Meishucun Formation. However, there is still some controversy on the material source of the phosphorite and the deposition age of the black shale.
OBJECTIVESTo precisely date the black shale and provide direct constraint for the depositional age of the phosphorite and to better understand the successive depositional environment evolution from the phosphorite to black shale in vertical profiles.
METHODSNegative Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (NTIMS) Re-Os isotope tracer and dating studies were performed on phosphorite of Zhongyicun Member and black shale of Shiyantou Member in the Kunyang phosphate deposit.
RESULTSThe Re-Os isochron age of black shale in the Shiyantou Member is 521.9±5.4 Ma, which directly constrains the deposition age of black shale in the Kunyang Phosphate deposit. The phosphorite and black shale samples have initial ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os values from 0.6576 to 0.7671 and of 0.887, respectively. The phosphorite and black shale samples have ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os values of 2.582-240.5 and 96.24-341.8, respectively. The δEu and δCe values of trace elements in the phosphorite and black shale show changes from low to high in the vertical profile. This evidence indicates that the formation of the Kunyang phosphorus deposit occurred in the period of rapid erosion in the mainland and a large amount of terrigenous debris involvement in diagenesis-mineralization also occurred.
CONCLUSIONSBased on previous studies, the atmospheric oxygen content increased rapidly, aggravating the weathering of the continental crust and the input of a large number of highly radioactive terrestrial Os caused the initial ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os initial ratio to increase gradually during the Cambrian Period. In addition, due to the rise of the global sea level, the paleo-marine environment of the Lower Cambrian Meishucun gradually changed from shallow water oxidization to deep water reduction. The Kunyang phosphorus deposit formed during the early stages of the sea-inward-cycle sedimentation.
- Re-Os isotope,
- black shale,
- phosphorite,
- transgression,
- Meishucun Formation

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