Lead Isotope Study on the Source of Copper Material for Bronze Vessels in Dongdazhangzi Warring States Period Cemetery, Liaoning Province

Rui-liang LI; Zheng-yao JIN; Biao CHEN; Jian-hua TIAN; Xin WAN; Na LI

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201803220027

Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2018 > 37(6): 618-625. > DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201803220027

Rui-liang LI, Zheng-yao JIN, Biao CHEN, Jian-hua TIAN, Xin WAN, Na LI. Lead Isotope Study on the Source of Copper Material for Bronze Vessels in Dongdazhangzi Warring States Period Cemetery, Liaoning Province[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2018, 37(6): 618-625. DOI: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201803220027

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Lead Isotope Study on the Source of Copper Material for Bronze Vessels in Dongdazhangzi Warring States Period Cemetery, Liaoning Province

1.
Cultural Conservation Center, Anhui Museum, Hefei 230061, China
2.
Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
3.
Institute of Cultural Heritage Conservation, Nanjing Museum, Nanjing 210016, China
4.
The Second Department of Archaeological Research, Liaoning Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Arch-aeology, Shenyang 110003, China
5.
Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230009, China

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Received Date: March 21, 2018
Revised Date: May 23, 2018
Accepted Date: June 10, 2018
Published Date: October 31, 2018

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS
(1) The element compositions of 7 bronze samples from the Dongdazhangzi cemetery were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Disperse Spectrometry (SEM-EDS).

(2) The lead isotope ratios of the 7 bronze samples from the Dongdazhangzi cemetery were determined by Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS).

(3) Parts of the lead resources used in bronze from the Dongdazhangzi cemetery most likely come from the Qingchengzi lead-zinc deposit in Liaoning Province. This conclusion provides scientific evidence for the research of exploitation and circulation of metal resources in the Liaodong Peninsula during the Warring States Period.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUNDAs a high-grade cemetery in Liaoning Province and Northeastern Asia in the Warring States Period, Dongdazhangzi cemetery has received a lot of attention since it was excavated. Previous studies mainly focus on the structure of the tombs, the typology of burial objects, and the cultural properties. The provenance studies for bronze objects are lacking.
OBJECTIVESTo discuss the provenance of bronzes in the Dongdazhangzi cemetery.
METHODSICP-OES, SEM-EDS and TIMS have been used to analyze the chemical and lead isotopic compositions of 7 bronze samples from tomb No.03JDM4.
RESULTSChemical analysis revealed that there are 4 lead-tin bronzes and 2 tin bronzes out of all 7 samples, but the alloy type of the rest is yet unknown. The function of the objects is basically matched with the properties of the alloy. Lead isotope analysis indicated that the copper is unlikely to come from copper mines such as Inner Mongolia Linxi Dajing, Liaoning Hongtoushan and Shanxi Zhongtiaoshan. The lead isotope ratios of 5 samples, which contain lead exceeding 2%, range from 17.685 to 17.941 for ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, 15.530 to 15.612 for ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, 38.080 to 38.404 for ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb. The lead sources are likely from the Qingchengzi lead-zinc deposit in Liaoning Province.
CONCLUSIONSThis study contributes to the provenance study of bonzes in Dongdazhangzi Warring States cemetery in Liaoning Province. At the same time, scientific evidence for the research of the trade and circulation of metal sources between Western Liaoning and Liaodong Peninsula during the Warring States Period is provided, as well as the exploitation history of the metal resources of Liaodong Peninsula.

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Lead Isotope Study on the Source of Copper Material for Bronze Vessels in Dongdazhangzi Warring States Period Cemetery, Liaoning Province

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