The Age and Geochemical Characteristics of Neoproterozoic Gneissic Moyite in the Xiaotian Basin
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摘要: 岩石的锆石U-Pb定年和主量、微量、稀土元素分析是研究侵入岩成岩时代、岩石成因的主要研究手段。本文在野外地质调查工作的基础上，采用X射线荧光光谱、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱和LA-ICP-MS等技术对晓天火山岩盆地内杨三寨附近发现的片麻状钾长花岗岩进行相关地球化学分析。结果表明：该岩体主量元素以高硅、钾和钠，低铁镁钙磷为特征，其中SiO2含量为65.86%~78.29%，Al2O3为10.89%~16.02%，MgO为0.17%~1.17%，K2O为1.37%~6.44%，Na2O为0.53%~6.50%，属于高钾钙碱性系列。微量元素方面，样品以亏损Nb、Sr、P和Ti，富集La、Ce、Nd和Zr为特征。稀土元素方面，含有较高的稀土元素（ΣREE=152.70~650.88μg/g），轻稀土富集重稀土亏损（LREE/HREE=6.77~20.64），多数具有较弱的负铕异常（δEu=0.29~1.15），铈异常不明显；稀土元素标准化曲线以右倾为特征。30个锆石点的206Pb/238U年龄分布于720~828Ma之间，加权平均年龄为776±11Ma（MSWD=2.1）。研究认为，盆地内新元古代片麻状钾长花岗岩的发现表明晓天盆地中心存在隆起，并不是之前研究认为的"斗"形的两边浅中间厚的盆地形态，这对该盆地的构造形态认识和进一步找矿具有重要的指导意义。要点
(1) 在晓天火山岩盆地发现新元古代片麻状钾长花岗岩。
HIGHLIGHTS(1) Neoproterozoic gneissic moyite was discovered for the first time on the surface of the Xiaotian volcanic basin.
Abstract:BACKGROUNDThe zircon U-Pb dating and analysis of major, trace and rare earth elements of rocks are the main research methods used to study the genesis of intrusive rocks.OBJECTIVESTo constrain the genesis of neoproterozoic gneissic moyite of the Yangsanzhai, Xiaotian volcanic basin.METHODSChemical composition of rocks was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the zircon U-Pb age was determined by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS).RESULTSResults show that the rock was characterized by high silicon, kalium and sodium, and low iron, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus. The content of SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, K2O and Na2O were 65.86%-78.29%, 10.89%-16.02%, 0.17%-1.17%, 1.37%-6.44% and 0.53%-6.50%, respectively. The rock belonged to the high potassic calc-alkaline series. The samples were characterized by depletion of Nb, Sr, P and Ti, and enrichment of La, Ce, Nd and Zr. The samples had high content of rare earth elements (ΣREE=152.70-650.88μg/g) with light rare earth enrichment (LREE/HREE=6.77-20.64). Most of the samples had weakly negative europium anomalies (δEu=0.29-1.15) without cerium anomaly. The normalized curve of rare earth elements was characterized by right-incline. The 206Pb/238U ages of the 30 zircon points ranged from 720 to 828Ma, with a weighted average age of 776±11Ma (MSWD=2.1).CONCLUSIONSThe discovery of Neoproterozoic gneissic moyite in the Xiaotian Basin indicates that there is uplift in the center of this basin, not the 'bucket' shape of thick in the middle and thin at the sides, as previously recognized. This has important guiding significance for the understanding of the tectonic morphology of the basin and further prospecting.
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Keywords:
- gneissic moyite /
- major elements /
- trace elements /
- rare earth elements /
- U-Pb dating /
- zircon age
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致谢: 本文研究工作得到了中国地质科学院矿产资源所侯可军副研究员及安徽省地质调查院杜建国教授级高级工程师的指导和帮助，野外工作中得到了安徽省地质调查院杜森官教授级高级工程师、李明辉工程师的协助，审稿专家提出了宝贵的意见，在此一并表示衷心的感谢。
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图 2 (a) 岩浆岩TAS分类图; (b)K2O-SiO2图解
1—橄榄辉长岩；2a—碱性辉长岩；2b—亚碱性辉长岩；3—辉长闪长岩；4—闪长岩；5—花岗闪长岩；6—花岗岩；7—硅英岩；8—二长辉长岩；9—二长闪长岩；10—二长岩；11—石英二长岩；12—正长岩；13—副长石辉长岩；14—副长石二长闪长岩；15—副长石二长正长岩；16—副长正长岩；17—副长深成岩；18—霓方钠岩/磷霞岩/粗白榴岩。
Figure 2. (a) TAS classification map of magmatic rocks; (b) K2O-SiO2 diagram
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图 3 (a) 微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图; (b)稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布型式
Figure 3. (a) Original mantle standardization arachnid map of trace elements; (b) Standardized distribution of rare earth elements chondrite
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图 5 锆石(a)U-Pb年龄谐和图与(b)加权平均年龄
Figure 5. (a) U-Pb age concordance and (b) the weighted mean ages of zircon
表 1 主量元素组成
Table 1 Compositions of major elements
样品编号 主量元素含量(%) SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 FeO MnO CaO MgO K2O Na2O P2O5 TiO2 H2O- 烧失量(LOI) KJⅣ-1 75.33 11.79 2.52 0.25 0.122 0.24 0.63 6.44 0.53 0.065 0.33 0.84 2.21 KJⅣ-2 66.41 16.02 2.99 1.06 0.10 0.82 1.17 1.37 6.50 0.318 0.96 0.68 2.09 KJⅣ-3 78.29 10.89 1.63 0.31 0.029 0.05 0.17 4.21 3.50 0.019 0.18 0.30 0.48 KJⅣ-5 65.86 13.49 1.57 0.47 0.111 5.22 0.56 2.49 5.12 0.125 0.37 0.46 4.11 KJⅣ-6 75.84 12.20 1.61 0.44 0.055 0.17 0.49 4.74 3.41 0.033 0.26 0.32 0.43 KJⅣ-7 77.58 11.83 1.10 0.10 0.021 0.17 0.17 4.65 3.39 0.016 0.13 0.36 0.71 
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表 2 微量元素组成
Table 2 Compositions of trace elements
样品编号 微量元素含量(×10-6) Zr Nb Hf Ta U Th Rb Sr Ba Li Cs Be Co V Pb Ga Bi KJⅣ-1 201.1 23.06 5.84 1.47 2.61 22.31 264.9 126.1 1538.0 57.9 10.79 3.75 8.37 31.0 37.5 14.5 0.19 KJⅣ-2 398.8 7.00 7.02 0.41 0.51 3.48 34.3 134.0 5820.0 56.2 4.72 1.05 2.51 25.0 27.5 18.6 0.16 KJⅣ-3 393.4 17.18 9.05 0.88 0.92 8.53 108.3 30.8 231.5 22.0 2.30 1.70 1.53 9.0 39.9 19.6 0.35 KJⅣ-5 382.4 10.29 8.63 0.42 0.54 4.59 52.7 366.5 1433 39.8 4.61 1.75 2.65 24.4 34.2 17.2 0.15 KJⅣ-6 514.1 11.08 12.04 0.38 0.64 8.01 83.1 43.2 587.2 18.3 1.44 1.52 2.90 8.6 33.8 20.8 0.14 KJⅣ-7 191.3 3.83 5.53 0.19 0.32 9.42 89.0 39.6 401.9 16.5 3.21 1.33 1.79 7.6 25.9 16.4 0.06
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表 3 稀土元素组成
Table 3 Compositions of rare earth elements
样品编号 稀土元素含量(×10-6) La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Sc Y KJⅣ-1 81.45 107.94 15.35 53.89 7.33 1.66 8.93 0.94 3.03 0.57 2.14 0.25 1.81 0.27 3.97 15.10 KJⅣ-2 170.63 293.86 29.07 109.65 12.94 4.67 16.76 1.79 4.94 0.85 3.34 0.27 1.86 0.27 15.92 21.38 KJⅣ-3 28.94 65.11 7.11 26.31 4.94 0.65 5.28 0.88 5.28 1.12 3.16 0.49 3.00 0.44 3.72 29.24 KJⅣ-5 61.09 103.32 10.80 40.61 5.94 2.40 6.85 0.88 3.69 0.74 2.32 0.28 1.91 0.28 7.83 19.76 KJⅣ-6 64.39 123.83 13.61 49.46 7.89 1.26 8.70 1.03 3.84 0.69 2.23 0.23 1.64 0.25 5.93 17.36 KJⅣ-7 49.47 96.81 10.50 36.96 5.51 0.57 6.28 0.66 1.94 0.31 1.09 0.08 0.61 0.08 3.19 7.22
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表 4 锆石U-Pb同位素分析结果
Table 4 Compositions of U-Pb isotope in zircon
分析点号 Th和U测定值 同位素比值 U-Pb同位素年龄(Ma) Th含量(×10-6) U含量(×10-6) Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 0620A004 93.07 80.10 1.16 0.06747 0.00266 1.20196 0.05901 0.12921 0.00377 857 86 812 27 795 21 0620A005 143.51 177.94 0.81 0.06322 0.00164 1.13656 0.04291 0.13038 0.00357 721 62 780 20 801 20 0620A006 192.33 200.51 0.96 0.06205 0.00170 1.09160 0.04231 0.12760 0.0035 681 64 758 20 785 20 0620A007 59.06 87.38 0.68 0.07284 0.00229 1.27410 0.05323 0.12687 0.00349 1014 71 843 24 780 20 0620A009 92.32 109.23 0.85 0.06876 0.00212 1.21028 0.05024 0.12766 0.00354 896 70 812 23 783 20 0620A010 55.86 118.77 0.47 0.07242 0.00237 1.24148 0.0534 0.12434 0.00348 1002 73 826 24 763 20 0620A011 71.27 55.38 1.29 0.06122 0.00213 1.13404 0.05064 0.13434 0.00376 651 81 775 24 819 21 0620A014 66.87 91.95 0.73 0.07252 0.00232 1.28419 0.05427 0.12844 0.00355 1004 73 843 24 783 20 0620A015 97.85 72.24 1.35 0.06420 0.00191 1.10839 0.04522 0.12521 0.0035 751 69 760 22 764 20 0620A016 48.24 57.52 0.84 0.06565 0.00226 1.23288 0.05473 0.13621 0.0038 798 79 818 25 826 22 0620A017 145.90 86.22 1.69 0.06488 0.00182 1.15970 0.04565 0.12964 0.00359 773 66 784 21 788 20 0620A019 75.16 180.02 0.42 0.06257 0.00177 1.05384 0.04151 0.12216 0.00336 696 63 731 21 743 19 0620A020 114.73 94.40 1.22 0.06716 0.00200 1.19230 0.04849 0.12876 0.00356 845 65 797 22 780 20 0620A021 119.65 73.00 1.64 0.06639 0.00219 1.17503 0.05072 0.12837 0.00357 820 73 788 24 777 20 0620A022 166.20 84.32 1.97 0.06287 0.00203 1.11516 0.04744 0.12865 0.00355 705 76 759 23 778 20 0620A025 149.01 102.24 1.46 0.07066 0.00203 1.20539 0.04809 0.12372 0.00343 949 66 800 22 748 20 0620A026 208.49 107.72 1.94 0.06464 0.00196 1.09687 0.04487 0.12308 0.00338 763 68 748 22 744 19 0620A027 75.96 184.37 0.41 0.06820 0.00194 1.14609 0.04529 0.12189 0.00335 875 64 771 22 736 19 0620A029 90.09 80.03 1.13 0.06807 0.00214 1.14865 0.04818 0.12238 0.00339 871 68 771 23 737 20 0620A030 62.86 54.47 1.15 0.06570 0.00245 1.16434 0.05453 0.12854 0.00365 797 86 778 26 772 21 0620A031 135.92 105.98 1.28 0.06828 0.00225 1.15170 0.05015 0.12233 0.00347 877 76 771 24 736 20 0620A032 45.75 80.13 0.57 0.06541 0.00235 1.25245 0.05709 0.13888 0.00391 787 88 817 26 828 22 0620A034 133.28 91.66 1.45 0.07567 0.00275 1.38238 0.06358 0.13249 0.00372 1086 86 872 27 791 21 0620A035 98.20 62.34 1.58 0.06629 0.00226 1.22397 0.05385 0.13392 0.00374 814 84 802 25 798 21 0620A036 77.65 79.67 0.97 0.06437 0.00214 1.22687 0.05325 0.13822 0.00387 753 73 803 25 821 22 0620A037 96.18 62.92 1.53 0.06451 0.00218 1.19619 0.05268 0.13448 0.00379 757 76 788 25 800 22 0620A039 336.72 118.56 2.84 0.06944 0.0024 1.15461 0.05156 0.12060 0.00341 910 78 768 25 720 20 0620A040 141.47 70.06 2.02 0.06719 0.00246 1.29057 0.05973 0.13930 0.00395 842 84 829 27 824 22 0620A041 180.82 89.04 2.03 0.06728 0.00209 1.22031 0.05104 0.13154 0.00368 844 74 797 24 780 21 0620A042 150.78 88.93 1.70 0.06411 0.00199 1.13495 0.04738 0.12839 0.00358 743 76 757 23 762 21
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