常见岩石矿物微区特征信息激光剥蚀光谱快速识别技术研究
Rapid Identification Methods on the Characteristic Information of the Micro-zone in Common Rocks and Minerals by Laser Ablation Spectroscopy
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摘要: 利用一台小型Nd: YAG 266 nm调Q激光器,在常压大气环境下诱导激发150个岩石矿物标本产生等离子体,通过微光谱仪记录等离子体200~800 nm范围内的发射光谱,形成岩石矿物标本微区特征激光剥蚀光谱(LAS)谱图,对谱图中主量元素进行定性识别;将岩石矿物标本的显微照片、矿物组成、特征LAS谱图以及主量元素的特征波长等信息汇总,建立其特征信息库;并编写常见岩石矿物LAS快速识别软件。该软件采用平滑、抽提特征峰等处理方法对LAS谱图进行简化,通过比较未知岩石矿物与特征库中参考岩石矿物LAS谱中特征峰位置的匹配度来快速识别、筛选未知岩石矿物。本研究建立的LAS实验平台和常见岩石矿物特征LAS谱图库,可减少矿物鉴定人为因素影响大、鉴定速度慢、花费高等不足,并为实现原位快速测定岩石矿物微区成分奠定了基础,可望为矿产勘探、开采和选矿提供技术支持。Abstract: Laser Ablation Spectroscopy (LAS) is an attractive potential geochemical analysis technique for real-time, online, non-destructive determination of the elemental compositions of any substances (solid, liquid, or gas). A small LAS system with the emission spectrum from 200 nm to 800 nm was set up and applied to analyze 150 kinds of common standard rocks and minerals under normal atmospheric conditions, to obtain the LAS spectra of these specimens. The characteristic information of the micro-zone in the standard samples (micrograph,mineral components,characteristic spectra of LAS) was collected to construct the database. The related software to rapidly identify and classify the samples based on the database was designed using a mathematical processing approach. The LAS spectra were simplified by smoothing and extracting the characteristic peaks. The unknown rocks and minerals were identified by comparing the characteristic peaks in the database of the LAS spectra. In this study,the LAS system combined with the identification database highlighted the potential for 'geochemical fingerprinting’, thereby laying the foundation for real time or in-field rapid identification of the characteristic information of the micro-zone in rocks and minerals, in order to provide technical support for ore exploiting, mining and mineral processing.
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Keywords:
- rock /
- and /
- mineral /
- micro-zone
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