电镀企业搬迁后场地调查及其环境影响评价
Environmental Survey and Impact Assessment on the Relocation Site of an Electroplate Factory
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摘要: 对上海新区一家刚搬迁的电镀厂场地进行现场采样,评价土壤、地下水和废水的环境状况。土壤样品检测了pH、CN-及主要重金属离子等11项指标,地下水样品分析主量元素、重金属元素、NH3-N、NO3--N、NO2--N、溶解性总固体、总硬度、CN-、挥发性酚类、高锰酸盐指数等24项指标,废水样品检测化学耗氧量(CODCr)、挥发性酚及土壤的分析指标共13项。结果表明:厂区内土壤呈碱性,综合污染指数为0.67,仅个别采样点Zn、Ni的单项污染指数大于1,土壤总体环境质量尚可;地下水的综合评价指数在4.27~7.58之间,水质判断为很差或极差,不能作为饮用水源,主要污染指标NH3-N、氯化物、溶解性固体、总硬度、重金属元素、氰化物、挥发性酚、高锰酸盐指数等都低于地下水Ⅳ级标准,未见明显的重金属污染;废水除了pH之外,重金属元素、挥发性酚和氰化物等指标都达到城市污水和电镀污染物排放标准。研究成果对污染型企业搬迁后的原厂区环境监测评价具有一定的借鉴意义。Abstract: Samples from a newly relocated electroplating factory in Shanghai were analyzed to assess the environment quality of soil, groundwater and wastewater. Soils were analyzed for 11 proxies of pH, CN- and the concentrations of heavy metals. Beside the proxies for soil samples, the proxies of CODCr and volatile phenols were determined for wastewater samples. Groundwater samples were analyzed for 24 proxies of the major elements, heavy metals, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, total dissolved solids, total hardness, CN-, volatile phenols and permanganate. The results showed that the soil is alkaline and the integrated pollution index is 0.67, with pollution indexes of most elements, except Zn and Ni in individual samples, being less than 1, which indicates that the soil environment is good in this area. The comprehensive indices of the groundwater range from 4.27 to 7.58, indicating poor quality for drinking water. The main pollutants of the groundwater were NH3-N, chloride, dissolved solids and total hardness, however, the proxies of heavy metals, cyanide, volatile phenols and permanganate were less than the Ⅳ standard for groundwater. For wastewater, the indicators of heavy metals, volatile phenols and CN-, except pH, were in line with the emission standards. The work provided a good experience for soil environment assessment where some polluting enterprises relocated from the city center to the suburbs.
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Keywords:
- electroplate /
- enterprises /
- soil /
- groundwater /
- heavy
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