摘要:
对国际地球化学大会Goldschmidt 2011的基本情况、5个大会主题报告和23个分会报告作了较详细介绍与评述。这5个大会主题报告是:地幔中的挥发组分对板内岩浆作用的影响,地球深部挥发组分的循环:从远古到现代,利用地球化学信息研究末次冰川消退及其对河流的影响,外星大气:一个由热到可居住的世界,深海中的微生物群落与甲烷氧化作用。23个分会报告包括:宇宙化学,行星形成;早期地球:从地核到大气;地球深部动力学及其演化;从地幔至地壳:洋脊与板内岩浆活动;大陆壳的形成及演化;循环:俯冲,地幔楔与弧火山作用;地球环境演化;从纳米到大陆尺度界面与界面过程;火山与自然灾害地球化学;地球资源:能源;地球资源:矿;气候变化;大气气溶胶的源、汇及影响;风化、气候、构造与地表过程;海洋大气:过去与现在;人类活动产生的地球化学影响;生物地球化学:从微生物到宏观与循环;分析技术前沿;计算地球化学前沿;矿物学与矿物物理学前沿;水文地球化学与全球水资源可持续发展;一般主题;特别议题。文章重点阐述了国际地球化学目前的研究现状、热点领域、未来发展方向三个方面。对生物地球化学的研究现状与发展趋势作了专题评述。
Abstract:
On the basis of Goldschmidt 2011, the advantages of geochemistry research are reviewed in three separate parts. The first parts is a review of five plenary presentations, which includes mainly volatiles in the mantle and deep earth, the last deglaciation and its impact on rivers, exoplanet atmospheres, microbial partnerships and methane-oxidation in deep sea. The second part has 23 themes, which mainly includes cosmochemistry, planet and earth formation, evolution and dynamics of the deep earth, ocean ridge and intraplate volcanism, continental crust formation and evolution, evolution of the earth's environment, interfaces and interfacial processes from the nano- to the continental scale, climate change, atmospheric aerosols, oceans atmosphere, and geochemical impacts of human activity; the main research fields in each theme are described briefly. The subject matter for the third part of the review is biogeochemistry, in which biogeochemical cycling, organic matter turnover, methane cycling in marine and terrestrial environments, microbial catalysis of mineral dissolution and precipitation, bioavailability of trace elements in contaminated environments, biogeochemical processes in redox-dominated environments are the focus for discussion.
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