Abstract: The analysis of the typical bentonite samples with different colors from Balikun by infrared spectrometry was carried out. The results show that the strong absorption spectrum of the bentonite from Balikun mining area Ⅱ is in the vicinity of 3627 cm-1（(high frequency area), 1040 cm-1(middle frequency area)， 531 cm-1 (low frequency area) and 470 cm-1(low frequency area). The infrared spectrum curve profiles of the 5 representative samples are basically consistent, but there are still certain differences. At 3600 cm-1 (high frequency area) and nearby, 1# sample has a strong infrared spectrum absorption due to the Al—O—H expansion vibration which shows there is higher content of bentonite in 1# sample. At 797.64 cm-1(middle frequency area) and nearby, the infrared spectrum absorption rates of 1# sample and 5# sample are weaker due to the antisymmetric expansion vibration of Si—O—Si, which shows that the content of SiO2 in the samples is lower.