Abstract: The physical and chemical properties of the basalts, including chemical components, the upper and lower limits of crystallization temperature in basalt melting process, viscositytemperature variation in melting, etc. are measured qualitatively and studied by thermogravimetryscanning differential thermal analysis and rotation methods. The results show that the upper limit of crystallization temperature and optimum formation temperature for basalts from Shaanxi Lueyang are 1271℃ and 1320～1340℃ respectively. The results from the study also show that the basalts from this area can be used to produce the basalt continuous fibers and provide the theoretical bases for further development and reasonable utilization of basalt resources.