Abstract: Five painted pottery shards and two pieces of red mineral aggregate were analyzed, which were excavated from the Shuangdun site of Bengbu city, by Raman spectrometry, X-ay diffraction (XRD) and wavelength dispersive X-ay fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF). The results show that the main phases of red pigment of the painted pottery are hematite, αquartz, dolomite and calcite. Meanwhile, it also clarifies that the black paint is infiltrating charcoal instead of mineral pigment. And furthermore the results verify the feasibility of those three analytical methods for phase identification and component analysis in archaeology study.