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北祁连玉石沟地区奥陶纪硅质岩特征及大地构造意义

The Characteristics and Tectonic Significance of Ordovician Siliceous Rocks in the Yushigou Area, North Qilian

  • 摘要: 北祁连玉石沟地区位于青藏高原北缘北祁连构造带内,处于阿拉善地块与柴达木地块之间,是古洋盆研究的热点地区。北祁连加里东期的构造背景和构造演化,一直存在裂陷盆地和大洋盆地的不同认识,许多学者对北祁连奥陶纪早期是否形成了成熟的大洋和沟-孤-盆体系,还是继续裂谷的演化历史具有不同看法。本文以北祁连玉石沟地区采集到的硅质岩样品为研究对象,用X射线荧光光谱仪测试主量元素,用X Serise2电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测试微量及稀土元素。研究结果表明,玉石沟两处共11件硅质岩样品Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)平均比值分别为0.56、0.60,Al/(Al+Fe)平均比值分别为0.57、0.61,(La/Yb)SN平均值分别为0.89、1.2,δCeSN平均值分别为0.88、0.93,δEuSN平均值分别为1.15、1.08,球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线表现为明显右倾的LREEs相对富集配分模式。这些比值特征反映了与玉石沟俯冲杂岩共生的硅质岩成因的构造背景是部分靠近、部分远离陆源的大陆边缘或者其周围的深海盆地,为多岛洋的构造背景。

     

    Abstract: The Yushigou area in North Qilian, which is a research hotspot of thr paleo-oceanic basin, is located at the tectonic zone between the Alashane block and the Qaidam block at the north margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The tectonic setting and the tectonic evolution of early Caledon at North Qilian is controversial, between rifted basin and oceanic basin. Some scholars believe that the north Qilian formed the matured ocean and the trench-arc-basin system in the early Ordovician period, while others insist that it just continued its rift valley evolution. In this study, the Axiosmax X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer was used to measure the content of major elements and the X-Series 2 Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry to measure the content of the trace elements and REE of the siliceous rocks collected from North Qilian. The results show that the mean ratio of Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) is 0.56 and 0.60, Al/(Al+Fe) is 0.57 and 0.61, (La/Yb)SN is 0.89 and 1.2, δCeSN is 0.88 and 0.93 and δEuSN is 1.15 and 1.08, for samples collected from two sites at Yushigou, respectively. Chondritic Standardized REEs distribution plot is a LREEs enrichment pattern which shows an outstanding rightward decreasing tendency. This evidence indicates that the tectonic settings of the siliceous rocks associated with subduction complex in Yushigou have a tectonic background of archipelagic ocean, of which some parts are close or far from the continental margin or the surrounding sea basin.

     

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