Influence of Environmental Factors on Release of Heavy Metals in Ore at the Port Stockyard
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摘要:
随着中国经济发展，港口矿产品堆场重金属溶出作为港口土壤、水体的重要污染源不容忽视，重金属的溶出量与重金属种类有关。本文以天津港口矿石堆场中多类矿石为研究对象，通过静态浸泡实验，根据重金属的溶出情况确定典型矿产品和典型重金属因子，研究了时间、pH和温度对于典型矿产品中重金属溶出的影响。结果表明：铅精矿和铜精矿的重金属溶出量大，铅精矿中的Zn、Pb、Cd和铜精矿中的Ni是典型重金属因子，相应的溶出量比其他重金属高出1~3个数量级。随着时间的增加，铅精矿中Zn、Pb、Cd的溶出浓度增大，而铜精矿中Ni的溶出浓度基本上保持稳定。在pH 3.5~7.5的范围内，铅精矿中Zn、Pb、Cd和铜精矿中Ni的溶出浓度随pH值的变化均无显著性差异，且受pH的影响不大。在20~40℃的温度范围内，铅精矿中Zn、Pb、Cd的溶出浓度大体随温度升高而升高；铜精矿中Ni的溶出浓度则在30℃后呈现下降的趋势。本文初步探究了矿产品中重金属溶出的基本规律，为港口矿石堆场中矿产品重金属溶出的监控和防治提供了数据支持。
Abstract:Abstract: Along with China′s economic development, the dissolution of heavy metals in port minerals stockyard has became important contamination sources of soil and water, which can't be ignored. The amount of heavy metal dissolution is related to the species of heavy metals. Through the static soaking test, according to the leaching of heavy metals to determine the typical mineral products and the typical heavy metal factor to study the influence of time, pH and temperature on release of heavy metals in typical products at Tianjin port stockyard. The results showed that the amounts of heavy metals released from lead ore and copper ore were the greatest. Zn, Pb and Cd in the lead ore and Ni in the copper ore were the typical heavy metal factor, and were found to be 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than other heavy metal ions. The concentration of Zn, Pb, and Cd in lead ore increased with time, and the concentration of Ni in the copper ore basically remained stable. The concentration of Zn, Pb and Cd in the lead ore and Ni in the copper ore had no significant differences with the change of pH (3.5 to 7.5). The concentration of Zn, Pb, and Cd in the lead ore increased with temperature (20-40℃). The concentration of Ni in the copper ore showed a downward trend above 30℃. This study preliminarily investigated the basic rule of dissolution of heavy metals in minerals and provides data to support and control the dissolution of heavy metals in the port stockyard.
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Keywords:
- port stockyard /
- ore /
- heavy metals /
- static soaking /
- environmental factors
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图 1 铅精矿中Zn、Pb和Cd和铜精矿中Ni随时间的溶出趋势
Figure 1. The dissolution of Zn, Pb and Cd in lead concentrate and Ni in copper concentrates with different time
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图 2 不同pH下铅精矿中Zn、Pb和Cd和铜精矿中Ni的溶出趋势
Figure 2. The dissolution of Zn, Pb and Cd in lead concentrate and Ni in copper concentrates with different pH
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图 3 不同温度下铅精矿中Zn、Pb、Cd和铜精矿中Ni的溶出趋势
Figure 3. The dissolution of Zn, Pb and Cd in lead concentrate and Ni in copper concentrates with different temperature
表 1 不同种类矿石初筛结果
Table 1 Preliminary results of different ore
品种 元素含量(μg/kg) Cr Cu Pb Cd Ni Zn 铁矿石 18.8 42.2 13.8 nd nd 50.8 铅精矿 nd 128 4.71×104 5.16×103 823 1.81×105 锰精矿 14.4 91.6 4.60 nd 26.2 187 铬矿 685 66.6 15.6 nd 5.40 68.8 铜精矿 7.00 186 145 7.80 1.24×105 369 注：nd表示未检出。 
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