黑龙江讷河市富锗土壤地球化学特征及影响因素浅析

赵君; 饶竹; 王鹏; 张哲寰; 梁帅; 汪月华

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202109300139

黑龙江讷河市富锗土壤地球化学特征及影响因素浅析

Geochemical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Germanium-enriched Soils in Nehe City, Heilongjiang Province

摘要

摘要: 锗是生命的必需元素，随着近年来中国各地富锗土壤的发现，开发富锗土地逐渐得到社会的重视。本文采用电感耦合等离子体质谱/发射光谱法(ICP-MS/OES)等技术测定黑龙江讷河地区土壤，讨论该区土壤锗地球化学特征、影响因素及主要农作物富锗情况，探究富锗土地开发潜力。结果表明：①讷河地区表层土壤锗含量为0.74~1.78mg/kg，平均值为1.13mg/kg，其中富锗土壤面积约599.8km²，占全市面积的9.31%；②土壤锗元素来源为中更新统上荒山组和上更新统顾乡屯组地层，不同土壤类型土壤的锗含量以沼泽土和黑土为最高。③讷河地区主要农作物以黄豆的锗含量最高，且较外围地区作物中的锗含量高出近2倍。综合认为，讷河地区具有连片富锗土壤，锗含量与地层、土壤类型及人为活动有关，作物以黄豆最为富集锗，具有良好的开发富锗农业前景。

Abstract:
BACKGROUND Germanium is an essential element for life. With the discovery of germanium-enriched soils all over China in recent years, the development of germanium-enriched agriculture has gradually gained attention.
OBJECTIVES To study the characteristics and range of germanium-enriched soil in typical black soil areas, and to analyze factors affecting soil germanium content.
METHODS Germanium content in soil was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
RESULTS The germanium content in the topsoil of the Nehe area was 0.74-1.78mg/kg, with an average value of 1.13mg/kg. There was a large area of concentrated and contiguous germanium-enriched soil in the Nehe area, about 599.8km², accounting for 9.31% of the city's area. The source of germanium in the soil was the middle Pleistocene upper Huangshan Formation and the upper Pleistocene Guxiangtun Formation. The content of germanium in swamp soil and black soil was highest.
CONCLUSIONS The germanium content in the soil is related to the stratum, soil type and human activities. Soybeans have the highest germanium content in the crops. This area has good potential for the development of germanium-enriched agriculture.

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